The Netherlands and the United States

I. Relations between the Netherlands and the United States before 1813.- Cultural relations; expectations in.- a) in the United States.- b) in the Netherlands.- Financial relations since 1781.- The nature of the diplomatic relations.- The diplomatic and consular services since 1776.- II. Relations of Commerce and Trade before 1813; expectations in 1814.- Relations of commerce and navigationmainly in the years from 1803 to 1813.- Anticipation in 1814 and 1815 of a revival of these relations considered in comparison with the normal period previous to 1793.- III. The Netherlands, and Their Relation with Great Britain.- The restoration in 1813 and 1814 of the Netherlands as an independent nation under William I of Orange.- The influence of Great Britain.- Problems of commercial policy.- IV. The United States, and Their Relations with Great Britain.- The War of 1812–1814.- Submissive policy of the Dutch with respect to the British blockade of the American coast.- The restoration of peace1814.- The development of American commercenavigation and industry prior to 1814.- Economic conditions and commercial policy of the United States after 1815.- V. The Treaty of 1782.- The contents of the Treaty.- Was it in force during the years from 1813 to 1818?.- VI. Resumption of Official Relations between the Netherlands and the United States. Consul Bourne.- Bourne’s correspondence in 1813 with the Dutch government.- His recognition as Consul of the United States; the question of the relations with the United States in view of the attitude of Great Britain.- Bourne’s further correspondence1814–1817.- VII. The Mission of Changuion 1814–1815. Preparations in Holland.- The general circumstances.- The character of the mission itself.- VIII. The Mission of Changuion 1814–1815. Proceedings in the United States.- His reception in America.- His treaty propositions and the American refusal.- The impression in Hollandresulting in his recall.- Other subjects dealt with by Changuion in America.- Reciprocation by the United States: William Eustis minister to the Netherlands.- IX. Tariff Rates and Foreign Policy Concerning Trade Rights. The Reciprocity Act of March 3, 1815 and the Dutch Response.- The American tariff of import duties on articles of Dutch origin.- Resumption of the reciprocity policy of the United States since the foundation of the Union.- The Act of Reciprocity of March 3, 1815.- Its function as a factor in American foreign policy.- The elements of Dutch liberalism.- The recognition duties on American trade.- Their abolition by the law of May 27, 1815.- The reception of American trade and commerce in the Netherlands according to this law and following the tariff of 1816.- Annex to Chapter IX.- X. The Question of Reciprocity in the Trade to the Colonies. The “Decayed” System of Colonial Mercantilism.- American opposition to the exclusive colonial system; its appearance in the Act of Reciprocity.- The conflict between colonial mercantilism and commercial liberalism.- The character and rôle of John Quincy Adams in this connection.- Relation between his policy and the message of Monroe1823illustrated by two documents of 1818 from Adams’ hand.- The non-colonization principle in the Monroe Doctrine.- Adherence of the Dutch authorities to colonial mercantilism.- Regulations for the East Indian possessions.- Regulations for the Dutch West Indies and Surinam.- The United States the most favored nation.- XI. Diplomatic Intercourse Preceding the Treaty Negotiations of 1817.- At The Hague and Brussels.- In Washingtonthrough Lechleitner.- and through Ten Cateleading to an agreement to hold treaty negotiations in the Netherlands.- XII. The Dutch Preparations for the Negotiations.- Preliminary memoranda and reportsand the draughting of a treaty project in the Department of Commerce and the Colonies.- The critical opinion of the Director-General of the Customs duties.- Transmission to the King of the project treaty and appendant documents; the drastic influence of Van Nagell on the contents of the final instructions.- Appointment of the Dutch commissionersGoldberg and Van der Kemp; their opinions about the treaty.- XIII. The American Preparations for the Negotiations.- The instructions for the American plenipotentiaries.- Appointment of Gallatin to assist Eustis; general arrangements for the negotiations.- Preliminary interview with Van Nagell about the purpose and objects of the negotiations; its effect on the final attitudes of the two parties.- XIV. The Negotiations.- The American propositions.- The dispute over colonial trade.- The question of trade reciprocity.- The question of a renewal of the treaty of 1782.- XV. The Aftermath of the Negotiations; the Dutch Retaliatory Decree of November 24, 1817.- Impressions of the failure of the negotiationsin America.- in the Netherlands.- Report of Goldberg and Van der Kempand the consequent Royal Decree of November 24th.- XVI. The Act of Congress of April 20, 1818 and the Dutch response.- The question of reciprocity of tonnage duties referred to Congress.- Adoption of the Act of April 20th.- The Royal Decree of June 191818.- Adams’ aversion to a renewal of the negotiations.- XVII. Recall of Eustis and Ten Cate. Definitive Abandonment of Further Negotiations.- Eustis’ departure from The Hague.- Ten Cate’s departure from Washington.- A period of rest.- The connection between the British anti-slave-trade policy and Adams’ refusal to renew the treaty negotiations.- XVIII. The Act of April 20, 1818 as a Factor in the Development of American Commercial Policy.- Its predecessors.- Its extension and application to other powers.- XIX. The Trend of Dutch Commercial Policy.- Adoption of a discriminative policy.- The tea trade law of December 24, 1817 and its consequences.- XX. Navigation and Commerce between the United States and the Netherlands from 1814 to 1820.- American trade in the ports of the Netherlands.- The movement of this trade.- Dutch trade with America.- American exports to the Netherlands.- Exports from the Netherlands to the United States.- American trade and commerce with the Dutch West Indies.- and Surinam.- American trade and commerce with the Dutch East Indies.- The China tea trade.- (V a.) Supplementary Chapter on the Further History of the Treaty of 1782, after 1820.